Tuesday, July 7, 2015

Obergefell v Hodges

United States Supreme Court
In Obergefell v Hodges (June 26, 2015), five unelected and unaccountable lawyers on the U.S. Supreme Court decided (in a deeply divided 5-4 decision) that both the due process clause of the 14th Amendment, as well as its equal protection clause, required all states of the United States, to redefine marriage to include marriage between the same sex, despite that the people of over 30 states voted, through open ballot, or through their legislatures, to clarify that their constitutions retained the traditional definition of marriage as between one man and one woman.

In an ironic twist, the people, through an open and democratic process, had reached the conclusion (granting state recognition of same sex marriage), on a state by state basis in at least 11 states as popular opinion for this position significantly shifted.  The Supreme Court short-circuited this process, and thereby took this decision out of the hands of the people - the democratic process.  Instead, in an imperious manner, they decided they knew better than the people, and, lacking patience for the democratic process, declared the Constitution imposed a new right hitherto unknown by anyone, much less supported by prior Court decisions (basic requirements for finding rights deserving protection under the short, brief, and broad language of the 14th Amendment).

Constitutional Balance of Powers
 both b/w the States and Federal Govt.s
as well as between the three branches of government
Under our Constitutional system of government, the legislature makes laws, the executive executes laws, and the judiciary interprets laws, a system which balances governmental powers.   For this reason, the federal judiciary is not subject to elections - justices appointed there enjoy a life-long term - since, at least theoretically, they mostly do not engage in policy making, at least not in the same manner as the Legislative branch does.  The Court violated this basic and fundamental constitutional structure when they basically, and mostly, engaged in a form of legislative policy making best left, under our Constitutional system, to the legislature - and especially under our federalism form of government, which leaves most legislative powers to the states, except those powers the states enumerated and entrusted to the federal government in the Constitution.

So, apart from whether you agree or disagree with same sex marriage recognized by this decision - hopefully you find it disturbing when the Supreme Court disregards the constitutional separation of powers by redefining marriage in the manner of a sort of super-legislature.  If not, consider whether you would be happy with a Supreme Court which imposes its raw will over the will of the people, apart from both any clear language in the Constitution, as well as apart from any longstanding right, to disavow laws passed by your state legislature (or by popular ballot) which you strongly support.

As one dissenting justice noted, this decision poses a danger to democracy.  It goes far beyond an interpretation of law, something our constitutional form of government allows, into the realm where the Supreme Court can simply make whatever laws suits their sense of what is right at the particular moment - which devolves our nation from a nation of laws to a nation of five lawyers with the absolute power to make whatever laws they deem appropriate, regardless of what the people express their will through legitimate forms.  Such a form of government more resembles the philosopher kings of Plato's Republic than a democracy which many of our citizen-soldiers valiantly fought for, and willingly sacrificed their lives to defend.

4 comments:

Unknown said...

Sorry Rudy, I disagree with your assessment.

Reading through the summary of the decision, it looks to me like the court isn't making "laws to suit their sense of what is right at the moment". What they did was evaluate the constitutionality of certain state laws. They didn't say that they necessarily support gay marriage, what they said is that it is a violation of the constitution to deny the rights and benefits of the state of marriage based on sexual orientation. I totally agree with that assessment.

Assessing the constitutionality of state laws is totally the responsibility of the Supreme Court. It is basically the same as when the supposedly legally established state laws prohibiting inter-racial marriages were struck down.

There are a number of times in our history where a majority of people have instituted laws and rules that are not aligned with our constitution. In such cases, the "will of the people" is superseded by the Constitution as it should be.

If the People don't like it, there is a process for amending the Constitution. Until then, the 14th Amendment with its due process and Equal Protection are the law of the land and it is up to the SCOTUS to interpret what that means. By the way, there have been a lot of SCOTUS decisions over the years that were decided by 5/4. A majority is a majority. That is why they have an odd number of judges.

Rudolf Rentzel said...

The Syllabus (summary) itself says it is no part of the decision, and is only provided for the convenience of the reader. Though it mentions the dissent at the end, it does not summarize the dissent. The dissent constitutes a vital part of the decision, and often provides an understanding of what the majority is doing regardless of what the majority opinion states. Often, throughout Supreme Court history, later decisions refer to dissenting opinions in finding that a prior majority decision contained flawed reasoning which needed correction. I would therefore urge a careful reading of the dissenting opinions (of course along with a careful reading of the majority opinion).

Rudolf Rentzel said...

Though the majority opinion did not expressly state they support gay marriage, I think (along with the dissent) this is mostly clear from a fair reading of the majority opinion - especially where they state on page 19, that finding this right "furthers our understanding of what freedom is and ought to be." In addition, they expressly use pejorative language, instead of respective language, to describe any and all who might happen to oppose this view - "lock out," "disparage," disrespect," "subordinate," and inflict "dignitary wounds" upon those who might deny these new found rights. The majority essentially described those who disagree with the majority view as bigoted. I think it is fairly safe to say, based on such language and views, to safely say the majority strongly supported gay marriage. In contrast, the dissent emphasized that if they were legislators, they may well vote in favor of same sex marriage, they felt compelled to dissent on the basis of the Constitution - on the balance of powers.

Rudolf Rentzel said...

Assessing the constitutionality of the laws of the states is not the responsibility of the United States Supreme Court - and they have said so time and again. This view misunderstands the role of the Supreme Court, which they have addressed on numerous occasions.

True, at one point in time, the Court viewed their role in this manner. However, upon reflection, the Court rejected this view, and then settled upon a view that if legislation had a reasonable basis, the Court was bound to uphold it.

Originally, the Court held that the 10 first Amendments only applied to the federal government, and not to the states. Later, the Court decided only some of the first 10 amendments applied to laws passed by the state governments. Historically, the Court followed a policy of limited powers, so as not to impinge on the co-equal branch of the Legislature (federal or state, which impinges on the rights of the people in our democracy.

As the dissent points out, this decision upsets this balance of power set forth in our Constitution.